不同生物药剂对稻水象甲的毒力、拒食活性及防效分析

Toxicity,antifeedant activity and control effect of different biological insecticides to Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel

【目的】防治稻水象甲的现有常规化学药剂的大量施用所引发的环境问题越发突出,而其生物药剂单一,加之天敌匮乏,故开展符合绿色生产标准的低毒、低残留、无污染生物药剂的筛选已成为稻水象甲防治工作所面临的首要任务。【方法】以越冬代稻水象甲成虫为试虫,采用室内点滴、田间喷雾等方法,对5种符合绿色生产标准药剂的毒力、拒食活性、防效及药后取食量等指标进行了测定和综合评价。【结果】室内生测方面:72 h后对处理稻水象甲成虫的室内毒力显著;此外,对试验前后的取食斑面积进行比较,发现药后各药剂拒食活性差异显著,均表现出较好的拒食作用。田间药效方面:除0.6%苦参碱AS外,其他药剂对稻水象甲均表现出较好的防效,100亿个孢子·m L^(-1)白僵菌OD、1.5%除虫菊素AS、7.5%鱼藤酮EC和6%乙基多杀菌素SC这4种药剂15 d的田间防效为51.24%~82.55%;3 d后各处理组田间新增取食斑数、取食长度均显著低于对照组。【结论】在绿色水稻生产中,100亿个孢子·m L^(-1)白僵菌OD、1.5%除虫菊素AS、7.5%鱼藤酮EC和6%乙基多杀菌素SC均具有较好的推广价值,可用于稻水象甲的防治。

【 Aim】 The environmental problems become more serious with the large amount of conventional chemical insecticides used to control Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel （RWW） ,that harm natural enemies. We tested various ＂ green production stand-ard＂ insecticides which had low- toxicity,low residues and no pollution.【 Method】 We used the overwintering generation of RWW to evaluate indicators of toxicity,antifeedant activity,control effect and feeding amount of selected insecticides that meet green produc-tion standard.【 Result】 In indoor bioassays,there was significant difference amount toxicity of different insecticides to adults. All tested insecticides showed good antifeedant activity. Under field conditions, only 0.6% Matrine AS was ineffective. Other insecticides showed better control effect： sprays of 10 billion spores ·mL^-1 Beauveria bassiana OD, 1.5% Pyrethrins AS,7 .5% Rotenone EC and 6% Spinetoram SC were caused 51.24% -82.55% feeding damage reduction after 15 d. The number of new,feeding spots and feeding length were significantly low-er than control after 3 d. 【 Conclusion】 Treatmens ＂with 10 billion spores ·mL^-1 B. bassiana OD,1.5% pyrethrins AS,7.5% rotenone EC and 6% spinetomm AS c.an be effective means of RWW in the green ric.e production.