艾滋病患者患病心理体验的质性研究

Psychological experience of AIDS patients: a qualitative study

目的了解艾滋病(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS)患者获知并确认感染(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)的心理活动状态,为执行艾滋病患者的临床护理措施提供理论依据。方法采用质性研究中的现象学研究法,深度访谈9名患者的资料,运用Colaizzi的七步分析法对资料进行分析整理。结果艾滋病患者在获知患病确诊后的治疗过程中,有6个方面的心理体验主题:隐瞒、疑惑和否认、担心被抛弃、渴望被治愈、平静和担心疾病传染性。结论护士要高度关注患者的心理,帮助患者建立社会支持系统,针对患者不同心理体验提供针对性干预措施有助于控制疾病传播的风险和提高患者的治疗依从性。

Objective To study the psychological experience of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus（HIV）and provide theoretical basis for clinical care. Methods The phenomenological research method was used to interview 9 patient in depth. The Colaizzi 7-step analysis method was used to analyze their clinical data. Result The mental experience of the AIDS patients after notification of affirmative diagnosis of AIDS included six aspects： concealing, suspicion or denying, worry of being abandoned,eager to be cured, calm and worry of communicating the disease to their family members. Conclusion The nurses should pay attention to their mentality, helping them build a social supporting system and supporting pertinent interventions according to individual psychological experience, which is helpful for controlling risks of disease transmission and improving treatment compliance.