妇科手术患者对阴道冲洗的体验及需求的质性研究

Patients' experience in and needs for vaginal douching in department of gynecology: a qualitative study

目的探讨妇科手术患者对阴道冲洗的体验及需求。方法采用访谈法,选取10例住院的阴道冲洗患者进行访谈,采用内容分析法对访谈内容进行分析、提炼主题、进行描述。结果阴道冲洗前,存在多种负性情绪,表现为紧张、害怕、害羞、担心、平静等方面;冲洗中,心理感受呈多样性,如舒适、疼痛、害怕、害羞、水温或备皮不舒服等;冲洗后,存在多种担忧,如感染、性生活、怀孕等问题。需求方面,患者需了解相关阴道冲洗操作知识;认为冲洗过程中周围环境较安全,但清洁卫生情况有待提高;冲洗后,患者在大小便、手术影响、洗澡、感染等方面有疑问。结论医务人员在整个阴道冲洗操作过程中,应针对患者的状况和需求,为患者提供针对性的护理对策,实施"以人为本,以患者为中心"的整体护理,从而提高护理服务质量及患者满意度。

Objective To study patients＇ experience in and needs for vaginal douching in the department of gynecology.Method Using semi-structured interviews, 10 patients undergoing vaginal douching in the hospital were selected, and then the interviews were analyzed and described with the content analysis method. Results Before vaginal douching, the patients had some psychological states of tension, fear, shyness, fear and calmness. In the process of vaginal douching, the patients experienced comforts,pain, fear, shyness and dissatisfaction with water temperature and skin preparation. After vaginal douching, the patients experienced worries of different sorts like vaginal infections, sexual life and pregnancy. The patients needed for the douching-related knowledge and the improvement in hygienic situations and they had some questions about urination and defection, operative effect and bathing and infection. Conclusion Medical staff should provide the corresponding services for patients during vaginal douching according to their needs and individual situations so as to enhance the nursing service quality.