融媒体时代电视新闻的著作权保护——兼评“取消录像制品”的观点

Criticizing the View about "Removing Video Recording"

融媒体时代电视新闻著作权保护模式的选择与构建首先涉及的是对其保护客体的定性问题。对此,建议从视听艺术创作的角度,将电视新闻划分为电视新闻节目和电视新闻素材,并进行区分保护。经镜头剪辑和组合形成的电视新闻节目应作为视听作品保护,而单镜头的电视新闻素材可通过录像制品予以保护。此外,提倡通过法定获酬权和集体管理的方式,实现权利人、使用者和公众之间的利益平衡,以最终达到激励文化创新和促进产业发展的立法目标。

At present,China’s judicial practices are not united in determining the copyright nature of TV news as well as the choice of protection methods thereof.The main reason lies in the lack of theoretical research on copyright protection for the audiovisual works and video recordings.It is especially true when there is a theoretical view and legal solution that tries to integrate video recordings into audiovisual work in the amendment of the copyright law.This theoretical view and legislative direction is of a major fallacy.It is shaped based on the misunderstanding of relevant theories.It neglects the demands coming from the industrial development and it lacks in the considerations on the legislative policy.This paper argues that the existing legislation mode of separating protection on audiovisual works and video recordings should be retained in China,and the standard of originality should be reconstructed from the perspective of the use of audiovisual art language.Based on these arguments,it is suggested that a distinction should be made between TV news programs and TV news material when talking about the protection of copyright about TV news.In general,the edited TV news programs should be protected as audiovisual works,whereas the TV news material can be protected as video recordings.