论日本民事起诉制度及其对我国立案登记制改革的参考意义

The Civil Prosecution System in Japan and Its Reference Significance on Chinese Case-filing Register Reformation

立案登记制作为降低起诉限制条件、保障当事人诉权的重要改革举措,极大地缓解了立案难的问题。但立案登记制改革并非一劳永逸,在实践过程中仍然存在对当事人起诉的限制性条件。日本作为大陆法系中立法经验相对成熟的国家,其民事起诉制度具有不对起诉设定较高的限制、严格区分起诉要件和诉讼要件等特点,充分体现了便利当事人起诉的原则,为我国立案登记制的进一步改革(如放宽法院受理诉讼的条件限制、区分诉状的必要和任意记载事项、将诉讼要件交付法庭进行实质审理等)提供参考。

As an important reforming measures in reducing prosecution limiting condition and protecting litigious right,case - filing register system greatly relieves the difficulty in filing a case. But case - filing register reformation is not once and for all ,there still exists prosecution limiting condition in practice. Japan has mature lawmaking ex-periences in civil law countries,its civil prosecution system fully reflects the principle of protecting litigious right, which can offer a reference for China in case - filing register reformation.