从甲骨文、金文看商族的母性崇拜

Maternity worshiping of the Shang People seen from inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells and ancient bronze objects

从传世文献记载的商族起源来看,商族尊崇母性。《诗经·商颂》中的《长发》和《玄鸟》记载的传说是,商的起源是因为有女简狄,因上帝命玄鸟给简狄送来鸟卵,简狄食后诞生了商。从出土铜器玄妇壶上的图形铭文来看,可以印证商代的母性崇拜。从记载规模巨大的祭祀“帚(妇)”及“上帝娶妇好”的卜辞来看,商族的母性崇拜是很鲜明的。

From historical documents we learn that the Shang nationality worshiped maternity.The legends in Shijing(The Book of Songs)-Changfa(Long Hair)and Xuanniao(The Xuan Bird)tell that the origin of the Shang nationality is a woman named Jian Di from the state of Yousong.God ordered the Xuan Bird to send eggs to jian Di who,after eating them,gave birth to Shang.The pictographs on the unearthed bronze Fuxuan Kettle provide further proof of maternity worshiping at that time .This can also be seen from the records of large scales of sacrifices to and the oracle inscriptions about God married Fu Hao(妇好).