面向复用的软件设计方法研究

Reuse oriented software design methods

软件复用被证明是实现软件工业化生产有效的途径和方法。为满足软件生命周期各阶段成果可继承、设计通用性部分在同领域其他应用中可高效复用等要求,文章从需求分析、系统设计的角度,对数据、业务流程、业务规则等软件开发要素进行分析归纳,针对特定领域业务需求和软件系统特征,采取自顶向下的分层次、分步骤的业务建模思想;规避传统分析设计表现方法中易生歧义和信息漏斗现象增加各方沟通成本、不易维护、追踪或变更管理困难、不易复用等文字描述形式带来的问题,形成以"图形+表格模板"为主的结构化、可继承复用的表现形式;并通过实践总结出一系列面向复用的分析设计标准。在此基础上,形成软件生命周期各阶段与之相匹配的标准模板套件。

Software reuse has been proven to be the effective approach to implement the industrialized production of software. In order to meet the needs that the results at all stages of software life cycle could be inherited, design commonality could be reused in other application of the same field, in view of requirements analysis and system design, considering metadata, operation process, rules and other software development elements, this article adopted the top-down hierarchical and step-by-step business modeling idea, according to the characteristics of the system and business needs in specific domain; abandoned the problems of text description form of the traditional description method, that the phenomenon of ambiguity and information funnel increased the cost of communication, not easy to maintain, track or change management difficulties and difficult to reuse, etc., formed the form of the structure, inheritance and reuse based on the ＂graphic plus form templates＂. This article also summarized a series of reuse oriented analysis and design standards. On this basis, a standard template suite was formed which could match each stage of the software life cycle.