从马斯洛需求理论看武术套路的成因与嬗变

On the Origin and Evolution of Wushu Routine from Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

武术套路是传统武术中的一种独特形式,是武术区别于西方体育同类项目的特色性内容,也是区别于其他民族技击术的一大技术特征。根植于中华文明的武术,武术套路的形成有其社会发展必然。从马斯洛需求层次理论视角探析其成因及嬗变,认为:(1)生理需要和心理需要是武术套路产生与发展的起因;(2)社会适应与尊重需要是武术套路产生和嬗变的催化剂;(3)自我实现需要是武术套路嬗变的内在核动力;(4)社会的进步和自我超越需要是武术套路趋于完美的助推器。

Wushu is a unique form of the traditional martial arts, is different from the characteristics of the content of similar western sports, is also a major technical characteristic that different it from other ethnic techniques. Rooted in the Chinese civilization, the formation of Wushu routines has its social development. From the perspective of Maslow＇s Hierarchy of Needs, its origin and evolution are studied, and finds that： 1） the original causes and development of Wushu include physiological and psychological needs; 2） social adaptation and respect need are the catalysts of Wushu emergence and evolution; 3） the need for self actualization is the inner nuclear power set of Wushu routines; 4） social advance and self transcendence is the booster of perfect Wushu routines.