典型地膜残留地区土壤重金属残留测定及其健康风险评价

Field Survey on the Heavy Metal Concentration and Health Risk Assessment in the Soil with Plastic Residue

以典型地膜残留区——河南省开封县郭庄西瓜种植区的土壤和农产品中重金属残留为研究对象,开展了重金属分布和污染状况分析,并对食用西瓜引起的健康风险进行了评价.结果表明:土壤中Cd的含量是国家标准值的3.25倍,处于中度污染级别,且还存在一定程度的Pb污染;由膳食途径所致的健康风险评价中,化学致癌物质Cr的年健康风险值较大,为4.39×10^(-3)a^(-1),高于国际辐射防护委员会(ICRP)推荐的最大可接受风险水平(5.0×10^(-5)a^(-1)).化学致癌重金属的个人年风险占总年风险的87.7%,且与非致癌重金属的个人年风险值相差4个数量级,这表明开封县西瓜中的重金属对人体存在一定的健康风险.

Guozhuang is a typical area with heavy metals containing plastic film residue pollution in Kaifeng county of Henan province and the main agricultural product is the watermelon.In this paper, to evaluate the health risk caused by heavy metals residues, a field survey on the distribution of heavy metals and pollution situations in both soils and agricultural products in the area of Guozhuang was carried out.It shows the content of Cd in the soil is 3.25 times of the national standard value, which was identified as a moderate pollution level.Besides, it contains a certain degree of Pb pollution.In the health risk assessment via dietary approaches, Cr（a chemical carcinogen） has a higher value of annual health risk of 4.39×10^-3 a-1, which is higher than the maximum acceptable risk level（5.0×10^-5 a-1） recommended by International Commission on Radiological Protection（ICRP）.The personal annual risk of chemical carcinogenic heavy metals accounted for 87.7% of the total annual risk, which is 4 orders of magnitude higher than the non-carcinogenic heavy metals.It indicates there is a certain health risk of the heavy metals in both of the soils and agricultural products in the area of Kaifeng county.