民族地区农村空巢老人生活问题研究——以广西喀斯特地区T村为例

On the Life Problems of the Empty Nesters in Countryside of the Ethnic Regions:Taking T,a Karst Village as an Example

随着老龄社会的到来,广西农村尤其是喀斯特农村地区出现了严重的家庭空巢化现象,空巢家庭使落后地区的贫弱老人陷入了老无所养、老无所依的生活危机,如天等县T村的空巢老人,主要存在物质生活、精神生活、生存威胁等三大生活困境。我们基于地处T村空巢老人的生活现状,分析其生活困境的成因,提出拉动农村经济发展以吸引农村青年返乡留乡,完善以农村空巢老人为主的社会保障制度,转变老人观念,变"儿养"为"自养"和"互养",培养兴趣,扩大交流,丰富晚年精神文化生活,弘扬大孝观,建立村级养老协会等措施,改善喀斯特地区农村空巢老人的生活状况,提升他们的生活满意度。

With the coming of the aged society, in the villages in Guangxi, Karst regions, there appear severe phenomena of familial empty n e s te rs, which throw the poor and weak elders of in the backward regions into supportless and unreliable life crisis. For instance, the eld-ers of empty nests in Tuanle Village, Tiandeng County, are in face with three severe dilemma, namely ,material poverty, spiritual emptiness and survival danger. Based on their present situation, this paper analyzes the reasons of their life di lemma, and suggests to improve the rural economic develop-ment so as to at tract more rural youngsters back to villages and stay in the villages, improve the social security system centered around the rural elders of the empty n e s ts, change the elders＇ ideas into sel- dependence and inter-dependence from being supported by children. The elders shall also take some measures, such as to cultivate a hobby, broaden communication, enrich therr sunset spiritual and cul-tural life, uphold an idea of broad filial piety , build up an association for the provision of the aged and so on. Only by these ways, can we improve the life condition of those rural elders of the empty nests and increase therr satisfaction degree to life.