高等教育治理主体权责结构的历史嬗变及其评价——基于生态位的分析视角

Historical Change of the Structure of Power and Responsibility of Governance in Higher Education and its Evaluation:A Perspective of Ecological Niche

高等教育治理现代化进程,需要对高等教育治理历史的整体把握与系统考量,以掌握高等教育治理的宏观发展趋势。其中,"绝对宽度与完全重叠"是对我国计划经济时期高等教育治理主体间生态位的高度概括,体现为政府在高等教育治理中的一家独大。社会转型期,高等教育治理主体间的生态位主要体现在宽度改造与相对分离,推动计划经济时期高等教育治理生态位由"领域合一"走向"领域分离"。新时期,高等教育治理主体间的生态位的特征则表现为宽度优化与错位取向。通过对我国高等教育治理主体权责结构的历史嬗变的评价,推进协同演化、强化权责边界以及促进权责异构,将是我国高等教育治理现代化的发展方向。

The process of the modernization of the governance of higher education need an overall grasp of the history of the governance of higher education so as to know about the macro development trend of the governance of higher educatioru Among them, the absolute width and overlap summarizes the feature of the structure of power and responsibility of the subjects of governance of higher education in the period of planned economy in China, reflects absolute predominance of the government. During the period of social transition, the feature of the structure of power and responsibility of the subjects of governance of higher education could be summarized by width improvement and relatively separation, which promotes the niche of governance of higher education from areas of cooperation to areas of separation. In the new age, the characteristics of the structure of power and responsibility of the subjects of governance of higher education are width optimization and the dislocation-orientation. Evalu-ating the historical change of structure of power and responsibility of the subjects of governance of higher education, advancing co evolution, strengthening the boundary of power and responsibility and promoting the heterogeneity of power and responsibil-ity are the ways of the modernization of the governance of higher education.