敦煌藏文文书《吐蕃官吏呈请状》所记陆(■)、岸(■)二部落考

A Study on Lug and Ngan Tribes as Recorded in the Book of the Application of Officials of Tibet Kingdom of Dunhuang Document

敦煌藏文文书P.T.1089号《吐蕃官吏呈请状》中出现的陆、岸(■)二部落(■)是两个党项羌人部落,位于今青海果洛地区,宋代该地有卢甘国、卢甘羌、泸戎,■的谐音即卢甘,卢甘国、卢甘羌、泸戎即由陆、岸(■)两部落演变而来。吐蕃政权的黄河节度衙(■玛冲)也设在该地,到了明代,该地称为果洛玛冲(■)。陆、岸(■)两部落(■)当是果洛藏族的先民之一,清代、民国时期青海地区藏族日安(拉安)千户部落也很可能是其后裔。

The two tribes of lug and ngan in the Dunhuang Tibetan manuscript P. T. 1089 the application of the Tibetan empire ’s officer were two tribes of Dang xiang qiang, it located within vgo log of Qing- hai province. There were Lu gan guo, Lu gan qiang and Lu rong during the era of Song dynasty, the transliteration of lug ngan is Lu gan, and Lu gan guo, Lu gan qiang and Lu rong were derived from the two tribes of lug and ngan. The Tibetan empire ’ s institution rma grom was also in the area, in Ming dynasty, this area was called vgo log ma khrom. The two stribes of lug and ngan was one of the ancient people of vgo log Tibetan. During the Qing dynasty and Min guo era, the Ri（la） an tribes in Qing hai province was likely the descendants of the two tribes of lug and ngan.