西藏县域多维贫困度测定及贫困空间分布特征研究

The Study of Multidimensional Poverty Measurement and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Poverty of Tibetan Counties

精准扶贫是新时期脱贫攻坚的核心,贫困对象的空间分布特征及成因是精准扶贫的重要前提。通过构建"多维贫困度评价指标体系",定量分析西藏74县(区)的贫困程度及空间集聚特征,结果表明西藏贫困县(区)"全域大分散、局部大集中",7地(市)的空间分布呈"竖向连片分割、横向边缘集中"聚集特征,昌都市、日喀则市、那曲地区是西藏扶贫攻坚的三大主战场,物质、人力、社会三种资本匮乏是西藏全域贫困的主要成因。因此,应高度重视区域贫困差异,更加注重扶智扶志,大力开展特色资源开发、旅游扶贫等内源式扶贫。

Precision for poverty alleviation is the core of poverty alleviation and development in the new period. Spatial distribution characteristics and the cause of the poor people is the important premise for precise poverty alleviation. In this paper the “multidimensional poverty evaluation index system” is con-structed and used to quantitatively analysis the level of poverty and the characteristics of spatial agglom-eration on 74 counties （districts） in Tibet. Results show that poverty county （district） in Tibet spatial agglomeration feature is “The whole domain scattered,local concentrated”,7 city in the spatial distribu-tion of characteristic is “vertical continuous segmentation, horizontal edge concentration” . This text further determines the Chamdo, Shigatse, Tibet Ngakchu for the three main battlefields in Tibet for poverty allevi-ation. Lack of material, human and social capital is important in Tibet poverty degree difference causes. Therefore, poverty alleviation work in Tibet should attach great importance to regional poverty of differ-ences ,pay more attention to intellectual poverty, and promote endogenous anti - poverty model such as characteristic resource development, tourism poverty alleviation.