华南地区人为热排放特征

Characteristics of the Temporal and Spatial Variation of Anthropogenic Heat Flux in South China

利用1990—2015年《中国统计年鉴》和《中国能源年鉴》中海南、广东、广西以及香港的能源消费与人口数据,分析上述地区人为热排放在时间和空间上的分布特征及其影响因素。结果表明,海南、广东和广西的人为热排放呈持续增长态势,1995—2014年其年均人为热通量分别从0.09、0.47和0.16 W·m^(-2)逐步增长到0.49、1.68和0.44 W·m^(-2)。人为热排放的空间分布不均匀,2010年在珠三角、潮汕地区主要城市、湛江以及海口形成了以城区为中心的相对人为热高值区,其中广州等大城市最大值约为50 W·m~^(-2),香港超过100 W·m~^(-2)。这种分布与工商业发展程度以及人口密度密切相关。随着人为热排放的快速增长,其对该区域局地气候以及空气质量将造成愈来愈大的影响。

Based on the data of regional energy consumption and population published in the＂China Statistics Yearbooks＂ and the ＂China Energy Yearbooks＂ in 1990-2015,analyses were done for temporal and spatial distribution of anthropogenic heat flux（AHF） in South China（i.e.Hainan,Guangdong,Guangxi and Hong Kong） and its affecting factors.Results show that AHF kept going up with the time passing by in Hainan,Guangdong,and Guangxi,with the annual mean AHF rising from 0.09,0.47 and 0.16 W·m^-2 in 1995 to 0.49,1.68 and 0.44 W·m^-2 in 2014,respectively.AHF distributed unevenly in space.The year of 2010 found that the downtown areas of Zhanjiang,Haikou and those major cities in the Pearl River Delta and the Chaoshan District,were the centers of the regions relatively high in AHF,with Guangzhou and Hong Kong in particular,being 50 and 100 W·m^-2,respectively,in AHF.Such a pattern of AHF distribution is thought to be closely related to the high degrees of industrial and commercial development and the high densities of population.During the period from 1995 to 2010,AHF in the above mentioned cities grew the most quickly or by as high as 0.7W·m^-2·a^-1.The rapidly growing AHF will sure bring about greater impacts on climate and air quality of the regions in South China.It is,therefore,essential to pay more attention to the study on AHF and its effects.