凯尔森“法律科学”概念之反思

Reflections on Kelsen's Concept of “the Science of Law”

凯尔森认为只有纯粹法理论才能称之为"法律科学"。基于纯粹法理论的立场和目的,他认为真正的法律科学应该坚持彻底的现实主义立场、坚持认识对象的纯粹性、坚持归属律以及坚持分析方法的纯粹性。然而,纯粹法理论在许多地方存在着局限性,凯尔森对法律科学的论述也存在着许多矛盾,有的甚至是不符合"科学"要求的,最终他的科学追求让位于规范理论的构建。以科学及其与哲学关系的历史为背景,本文认为法律科学的三个基本要求是:客观性、以真实存在的法律现象为其主要研究对象、运用以问题为导向的合乎规律且高度保真的研究方法。只有将"法律科学"和"法律哲学"有机地结合起来,才能够获得对法律现象真正且完整的认识。而与"法律科学"相结合的,只能是那种以"法律科学"为基础并与其发展相呼应的"法律哲学"。

Kelson believes that only the pure theory of Law can be noted as “the science of law”,based on the purpose of the pure theory of Law , he believes that the real science of law should adhere to the realism position thoroughly, adhere to the purity of the object, adhere to the law of conformity, and adhere to the purity of analysis method. However, the pure theory of law has limitations in many ways. There are many contradictions in Kelsen ＇s discussion,some even do not meet with the requirements of science. Eventually,his pursuits of scientific gave way to the construction of the theory of norms. With the history of science and its relationship with the philosophy as the background, this paper argues that there are three basic requirements of the science of law： the quality of being objective, take the real legal p h enomenon as its main object, research methods that problem-oriented andin line with the cognitive law and high fidelity approach. T he only w ay to obtain the real and complete understandingsabout legal phenomenon is to combine the science of law and legal philosophy organically. Only the legal philosophy that bas Kelsen; pure theory of law; the science of law; legal philosophyed on and developed with the science of law can combine with it.