一种基于矿井的WSN自适应MAC协议设计

A Self-Adaptive MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network Used for Mine

针对现有矿井监控通信系统在自然灾害发生时,有线通信中断,无法及时得知井下人员信息,现有应急通信系统通信范围没有包括需要救援人员的问题,构建了新型的矿井监控与应急通信网络.系统在有线通信中断时,唤醒部分WSN节点,构成Ethernet-WSN-Ethernet应急通信网络以保证井下人员信息无碍传输.针对矿井监控与应急通信系统需求,设计了一种IS-MAC(Improved S-MAC)协议,设计了带有优先级标志的数据帧和控制帧,引入自适应接入控制机制,以实现不同工作模式自动切换.仿真结果表明,IS-MAC改进协议,与S-MAC相比,降低了能耗,延长了网络生存期,提高了网络吞吐量;可以较好地区分优先级,具有自适应性,能满足系统需求.

During natural disasters, existingmine monitoring and controlling communication systems often fail to get timely information of trapped underground victims in the event of wire communication outage. Besides？ the communication ran-ges of existingemergency communication systems do not cover the victims to be rescued. In view of what has been mentioned above, a new mine monitoring and emergency communication network was designed. Where wire communication outage occurs, the system will wake parts of WSN nodes and form the Ethernet- WSN-Ethernet emergency communication network to secure the smooth information transmission of the trapped underground victims. In line with demands of the mine monitoring and emergency communication system, the IS-MAC （Improved S-MAC） protocol was designed. Also the data frame and control frame with priority identity was designed. The self-adaption access control mechanisms were introduced for automatic switch between different working modes. The simulation results showed that, compared with S-MAC？ IS-MAC consumed less ener-gy, prolonged the network lifetime, improved network throughput, did a better job in distinguishing the priority, featured adap-tivity, and met demands of the system.