双生子模型在人类口腔菌群研究中的进展

Progresse and perspective of twin model in human oral microbiome research

人体内有大量的微生物存在,且与人体的多种机能、代谢以及身体健康状况、疾病等密切相关。不论是口腔疾病,还是全身的一些系统性疾病,其发生发展都与口腔菌群的定植、代谢、生长、繁殖有关,因此对于口腔菌群的探索是研究口腔疾病及某些全身系统性疾病的关键环节。双生子模型在遗传方面具有特殊性,其组内个体的遗传背景高度一致,接触环境也极其相似,可使研究的纳入对象之间高度配对,从而能够控制组内变量,排除混杂因素,提高研究的可信度,在人类菌群研究中有明显的优势。目前,已有众多学者通过双生子模型证实了环境、遗传等因素对人类口腔菌群有一定的影响,从而为口腔及全身疾病的预防、治疗提供了新的思路。本文就双生子模型用于人类口腔菌群研究的进展情况作一综述。

Human body coexists with trillions of microbe species, which are intimate with human condi-tions, such as somatic functions, metabolism, health and diseases. Oral microbiota has been particularly proved to be a key factor for the development of oral diseases and some other systematic diseases. To investigate the causality be-tween microbiota and diseases, twin model has shown great advantages by controlling individual variables, revealing the effects of genetic and environmental factors in human diseases. In recent decades, many scientists are trying to charac-terize the relationship between oral microbiota and host factors via twin models. Here we summarized the progresse and perspective of twin models in human oral microbiome research in this review.