重庆市永川区围孕期妇女安全用药知识、态度、行为调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of Knowledge,Attitude and Behavior about Drug Use Safety among Periconceptional Women in Yongchuan District of Chongqing

目的:为促进围孕期药学服务的开展提供参考。方法:采用概率比例规模抽样法,对重庆市永川区的围孕期妇女安全用药知识、态度、行为等进行问卷调查,采用Epidata 3.0软件建立数据库,SPSS 15.0统计软件对调查结果进行统计和分析。结果:共发放问卷800份,回收有效问卷779份,有效回收率为97.38%。受访者安全用药知识总知晓率为57.69%,且知晓率随文化程度升高而提升(P<0.01);同时,已孕受访者所有题项知晓率均高于备孕受访者,其中多数题项差异有统计学差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)。已孕受访者对所有安全用药态度题项的积极回答比例均高于备孕受访者,其中多数题项差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。385名已孕受访者中,按世界卫生组织建议服用叶酸的仅占56.88%;181名使用过药物的已孕受访者中,有8.29%表示医师或药师没有告知药物是否影响妊娠。结论:该地区围孕期妇女安全用药知识知晓率偏低,且文化程度对其知晓率有影响;同时,备孕妇女安全用药知识知晓情况、安全用药态度与已孕妇女均存在差异,而已孕妇女安全用药行为方面仍有待规范和加强。

OBJECTIVE：To provide reference for the development of pharmaceutical care for periconceptional women. METH-ODS：Probability proportionate to size sampling（PPS）method was adopted to select participants from periconceptional women in Yongchuan District. The participants were investigated by questionnaires about drug use safety knowledge,attitude and behavior. Ep-idata 3.0 software was used to establish database. The data were analyzed with SPSS 15.0 software. RESULTS：Totally 800 ques-tionnaires were distributed and then 779 valid questionnaires were collected with effective rate of 97.38%. The total awareness rate of knowledge about drug use safety was 57.69%. The awareness rate rise with the increase of educational level （P〈0.01）. The awareness rate was higher in pregnant women than in prepregnant ones,with statistical significance in most of the questions（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. For questions about attitude for drug use safety,the positive answer rate was higher in pregnant women than in prepregnant ones,with statistical significance in most of the questions （P〈0.01）. Among 385 pregnant women,only 56.88% re-ceived folic acid following the WHO recommendation. Of 181 pregnant women who had taken medicine,8.29% indicated that the physicians or pharmacists did not inform that whether the medicine affected pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS：Among periconceptional women,awareness rate of drug use safety is in low level and varied by their educational levels. There are difference in awareness rate of drug use safety and attitude between prepregnant women and pregnant woman. Drug use behavior of pregnant woman is to be modified.