元代公案剧中清官形象的社会批判功能探析

An Analysis of the Honest and Upright Officials in Gong'an Drama in the Yuan Dynasty

学术界一般认为元代公案剧中的清官形象只是下层百姓理想与愿望的体现,只有少数学者注意到了它的社会批判功能。杂剧作家塑造清官形象的社会批判功能主要表现在:通过清官对官场的忧惧情绪,让人们体会到元代政治生态的险恶;通过清官在忠君与保民间的两难抉择,让人们认识到元代阶级压迫的深重;又通过清官们普遍的"徇情枉法"的做法,让人们感受到元代司法制度的疏漏与不公。元代公案剧中的清官形象如同一面镜子,映照出了元代社会的纷纭万象。

Most researchers believe that the honest and upright officials in Gong’an drama in the Yuan Dynasty only embody the ideal and desire of ordinary people. Only a few scholars have noticed the critical functions of this official image, which are as follows： the danger in the Yuan Dynasty＇s political ecology through the description of the honest and upright offi-cials＇ apprehension about officialdom; fierce class oppression in the Yuan Dynasty through the depiction of the honest and upright officiar s dilemma between being loyalty to the em-perors and being protective toward people;the neglect and injustice in the Yuan Dynasty＇judicial system through the portrayal of the honest and upright officials’“ bending the law ”. The image of the honest and upright officials in Gong’an drama in the Yuan Dynasty is like a mirror reflecting Yuan Dynasty＇s various social phenomena.