不同脂肪源对红罗非鱼稚鱼生长及肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响

Effects of different fat sources on the growth and fatty acids composition of juvenile red tilapia

为研究不同脂肪源对红罗非鱼稚鱼生长及肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响,在基础饲料中分别添加4%的猪油(1组)、豆油(2组)、豆油-鱼油混合物(3组)及鱼油(4组),配制成软颗粒饲料,饲喂红罗非鱼稚鱼60 d,不设对照组。结果表明:12组、3组红罗非鱼稚鱼的末均体重和增重率显著高于1组(P<0.05),1组饲料系数显著高于其他三组(P<0.05),肥满度显著低于其他三组(P<0.05),2组鱼体的生长性能最好;2各组红罗非鱼稚鱼肌肉组织中的脂肪酸组成分别与相应组饲料的脂肪酸组成有明显的相关性,其中1组鱼体与饲料之间脂肪酸组成的相关性最大;3红罗非鱼稚鱼肌肉脂肪酸组成和饲料脂肪酸组成之间也有一定的差异性,鱼体肌肉中的大类脂肪酸(如SFA、MUFA等)的相对含量高于相应饲料,而C182n6、C183n3及EPA的相对含量均比饲料中的低很多,肌肉DHA的含量比饲料高很多;42、3组鱼体肌肉中富含C182n6和C183n3,尤其是C182n6相对含量高达14.49%~21.75%,显著高于1、4组(P<0.05),3、4组红罗非鱼稚鱼肌肉中则富含EPA及DHA,生长性能较好的2、3组鱼其n-3/n-6为0.19~0.74。试验表明,豆油组红罗非鱼稚鱼生长性能最好,3、4组红罗非鱼稚鱼肌肉中富含HUFA。

To research the effects of different fat sources on the growth and fatty acids composi- tion of juvenile red tilapia, we added 4% of lard, soybean oil, fish oil or soybean oil-fish oil mix- ture respectively in the basal diet, then the diet was formulated into soft pellets and fed red tila- pia juveniles. There was no control group. The results showed that the average weight and the weight gain of fish in soy bean oil group and soybean oil-fish oil group in the end of the experiment were significantly higher than group one（P〈0.05）. The FCR of lard group was significantly higher than that of other groups（P〈0.05） and the fatness was signif- icantly lower than that of the other groups（P〈O.05）. The growth performance of fish in soybean oil group was the best. There was great relevance and a big difference existed between the fatty acid com- position in muscle of red tilapia juveniles and the one in feed, and the lard group exhibited the maxi- mum correlation. The relative content of SFA and MUFA in muscle of fish was higher than the content of SFA and MUFA in feed. The relative content of C18 ： 2n6, C18 ： 3n3 and EPA in muscle of red tila- pia juveniles was lower than that of feed and DHA content in red tilapia was higher. The muscle of red tilapia juveniles in 2 and 3 groups was rich in C18 ： 2n6 and C18 ： 3n3, and the relative content of C18 ： 2n6 was in the range of 14.49%-21.75% and it was significantly higher than that in 1 and 4 groups（P〈O.05）. The muscle of red tilapia juveniles in 3 and 4 groups was rich in EPA and DHA. The growth performance of fish in 2 and 3 groups was better than any other groups, and the value of n-3/n- 6 was in the range of 0.19-0.74. The tests showed that the growth performance of fish in soybean-oil group was the best, and the muscle of red tilapia juveniles in 3 and 4 groups was rich in HUFA.