全球价值链和出口的国内技术复杂度——基于中国制造业行业数据的实证检验

Global Value Chain and Export Domestic Technological Sophistication——An Empirical Study Based on China's Manufacturing Industry Data

本文利用投入产出表将出口品中包含的进口中间品的直接贡献和间接贡献剔除,构建了出口的国内技术复杂度指数,有效地将一国国内创造的技术含量从整个产品的技术含量中分离出来。接着,利用1998-2011年中国16个工业行业的面板数据实证检验了参与全球价值链对制造业出口的国内技术复杂度的影响。研究结果表明:中国制造业参与全球价值链并没有提高国内技术复杂度,但是研发投入和良好的商业及制度环境会在全球价值链对国内技术复杂度的偏效应中产生正向作用;对国外附加值区分来源国进行分组的实证结果表明,来自东亚3国和地区的国外附加值率对国内技术复杂度的影响显著为负,而来自美国的国外附加值率对国内生产技术水平的提升有正向影响。

This paper eliminated the imported intermediate goods＇ direct and indirect contributions on the export by using input-output database, and con- structed export＇ s domestic technological sophistication index, which effectively separated the domestic technological content from the whole product. Further- more, it has an empirical analysis of the effect of global value chain on domes- tic technological sophistication using the panel data of China＇ s 16 industries dur- ing 1998-2011. The results show that the participation of China＇ s manufacturing industry into the global value chain does not increase domestic technological so- phistication; R＆D investment and good commercial and institutional environment have positive role in the global value chain＇ s bias effect on the domestic tech- nological sophistication. Finally it distinguished the original country of foreign val- ue-added, and found foreign value-added from East Asian has significant negative effect on domestic technological sophistication, while foreign value-added from USA has a positive impact.