维持性血液透析患者家庭照顾者负担现状及影响因素分析

Burden of family caregiver for hemodialysis patients and its influence factors

目的调查血液透析(Hemodialysis,HD)患者家庭照顾者负担现状及影响因素。方法采用一般资料问卷、照顾者负担量表对120名HD患者家庭照顾者进行调查。结果 HD患者家庭照顾者负担总分为(30.28±17.27)分,67.5%的照顾者存在不同程度的照顾负担。照顾者社会支持(β=-0.781,P<0.001)、患者自理能力(β=0.236,P<0.001)、照顾者性别(β=0.280,P=0.001)及照顾时间(β=-0.025,P=0.005)是影响照顾者负担的因素。结论护理人员应注意提高照顾者社会支持水平,培养患者的自理能力,关爱女性照顾者的身心健康,加强照顾者对疾病知识及护理技巧的掌握,以此减轻照顾者负担,提高血液透析患者及照顾者的生活质量。

Objective To investigate the burden of family caregivers for hemodialysis（HD） patients and its influence factors. Methods A total of 120 family caregivers for HD patients were investigated by the general self-designed questionnaire and zarit burden interview（ZBI）. Results Total ZBI score of the caregivers was 30.28 ± 17.27, and 67.5% caregivers felt caregiver burden. The factors influencing the burden included social support, self-care ability, caregiver gender and the time spent on care（social support： β =-0.781, P〈0.001; self-care ability： β=0.236, P〈0.001; caregiver gender： β=0.280, P=0.001; the time spent on care： β =-0.025, P =0.005）. Conclusion Caregivers should have proper guidance and help to alleviate their physical and mental burden, in order to improve the quality of life of caregivers and hemodialysis patients.