气质联用技术分析大兴安岭野生玫瑰花的脂肪酸组成

Analysis of fatty acid composition of Rosa davurica Pall. by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

目的采用气质联用技术分析生长于黑龙江北部地区大兴安岭野生玫瑰花脂肪酸的组成。方法将同一天采摘并储存于相同条件下的野生玫瑰花,采用索氏提取法,以石油醚为溶剂对野生玫瑰花的不同部位萃取得到玫瑰花脂肪酸,经三氟化硼-甲醇酯化后,用气质联用技术进行定性和定量分析。结果野生玫瑰花不同部位(花瓣、花蕊、花托及花萼)的脂肪酸组成不同,花瓣中共检测出14种脂肪酸,其中不饱和脂肪酸相对含量为63.78%;花蕊中共检测出15种脂肪酸,其中不饱和脂肪酸的相对含量为59.1%;花托中共检测出13种脂肪酸,其中不饱和脂肪酸的相对含量为47.02%;花萼中共检测出20种脂肪酸,其中不饱和脂肪酸的相对含量为40.3%。结论野生玫瑰花不同部位(花瓣、花蕊、花托及花萼)的脂肪酸组成不同,花瓣部位富含不饱和脂肪酸,对提升玫瑰花精油的质量,充分利用野生玫瑰花资源提供了参考。

Objective To analyze the fatty acid composition of Rosa davurica Pall. from Greater Khingan in the northern region of Heilongjiang Province, China by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. Methods Rosa davurica Pall. were collected on the same day and stored under the same condition, of which fatty acids were extracted from different parts of flowers （petal, stamens, toms and calyx） by soxhlet extraction with petroleum ether, and analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively by means of GC/MS after boron trifluoride-methyl esterification. Results The fatty acid profiles varied significantly in petal, stamens, toms and calyx of Rosa davurica Pall. A portion of 14, 15, 13 and 20 kinds of fatty acids were detected in petal, stamens, torus and calyx of Rosa davurica Pall., of which the relative contents of unsaturated fatty acids were 63.78%, 59. 1%, 47. 02% and 40. 3%, respectively. Conclusion The oil fatty acid compositions in various parts of Rosa davurica Pall. were different, while petal was rich in unsaturated fatty acids. The study provided a reference for improving the quality of rose essential oil and utilization of Rosa davurica Pall. resources.