美国灾害管理百年经验谈——城市规划防灾减灾

Using urban planning as a tool for hazard mitigation: Learning from a century of development in disaster management in the United States

给出了自然灾害的新定义,即灾害=自然现象+不当的人地关系。介绍并探讨了美国环境灾害的社会脆弱度地图在防灾减灾、应急响应和灾后重建规划等方面的作用。从城市规划的角度剖析灾害,回顾美国灾害管理的百年历程,总结其利用城市规划手段防灾减灾的方法。

This article pointed out the man-made nature of so called ＂natural disasters＂, introduced the concept of social vulnerability, and analyzed disasters from the angle of land use and urban planning. Then it discussed one century of development in disaster management in the United States, and summarized urban planning tools for hazard mitigation and disaster management.