河南省平顶山烟区烟草根腐病发病情况调查及EM菌剂防治效果研究

Tobacco Root Rot Incidence in Pingdingshan Tobacco Area and Control Effects of EM Microbial Agent

为解决河南烟区烟草镰刀菌根腐病严重危害烟草生产及烟叶产品质量问题,对河南省平顶山烟区郏县、宝丰等产地的烟草根腐病发病情况及主要防治措施进行了调查,初步估算了烟草根腐病造成的经济损失。以河南主栽品种‘中烟100’为试验材料,采用固体菌剂土施、液体菌剂灌根和叶面喷施等不同的施用方法,对EM生物菌剂对大田烟草根腐病的防治效果进行了研究。固体EM菌剂土施处理研究结果表明,整地期、移栽期和培土期同时施用防治效果最好,发病率和死亡率分别为23%和16%;液体EM菌剂灌根处理研究结果表明,整地期、移栽期、团棵期、旺长期和打顶期同时施用防治效果最好,发病率和死亡率分别为18%和11%;液体EM菌剂叶面喷施的研究结果表明不同处理和对照间防治效果差别不大。综合研究结果显示,液体EM菌剂灌根对于烟草根腐病的防治具有较为显著的效果,为生产上烟草根腐病的生物防治提供了理论依据。

The investigation of incidence and prime control measures of tobacco root rot was made in Jiaxian, Baofeng in Pingdi seriously damaged ngshan tobacco areas, to solve the problem that the quality and products of tobacco were by tobacco root rot caused by fusarium. The economic loss caused by tobacco root rot was also calculated. The control efficacy of EM microbial agents by different ways such as soil application, watering application and foliar application was studied taking the main variety ＇Zhongyan 100＇ as the experimental material. The soil application study showed that treatment at tilling stage, transplanting stage and earth up stage er had the best result. The morbidity and mortality was 23% and 16%, respectively. The wateringapplication study showed that treatment at tilling stage, transplanting stage, resettling stage, fast growing stage and topping stage together achieved the best effect. The morbidity and mortality was 18% and 11%, respectively. The foliar application study showed that there was no significant variation between different treatments and the control. It is concluded that watering application has a remarkable control effect on tobacco root rot and the study results provide some theoretical references for the biological control of tobacco root rot.