不同氮磷钾配施对芦笋生长和产量的影响

Effect of Different Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Treatments on Growth and Yield of Asparagus officinalis

为了研究和改进芦笋栽培技术,发挥芦笋的生产潜力,针对潍坊地区的生态条件,以4年生‘冠军’为试验材料,采用田间试验和室内分析相结合的方法,对高肥力地块和中肥力地块的N、P、K不同配比对芦笋生长和产量的影响进行详细研究。结果表明:在高肥力地块施肥无明显增产效果,土壤有机质含量达到1.36%、全氮0.091%、碱解氮41.0 mg/kg、速效磷13.4 mg/kg、速效钾140 mg/kg以上时,对土壤再施肥无明显增产效果;中等肥力地块施肥效果明显,N、P、K的比例以10:7:9效果最好,产量为15000 kg/hm^2的合理施肥指标为有机肥(完全腐熟)60000 kg/hm^2,氮磷钾施用量分别为450、315、405 kg/hm^2,全部有机肥和60%的化肥,在采笋结束时一次施入。30天后将40%的化肥作追肥施入。

The main purpose of this paper is to improve cultivation techniques and explore yield potential of asparagus in Weifang ecological region. Under the combination of field experiment and laboratory analysis, asparagus growth and yield in high and low fertility blocks with different rates of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium fertilizer were studied using ＇Guanjun＇ of four-year-old as material. The results showed that fertilization had no obvious stimulation effect in high fertility block when the content of soil organic, total nitrogen, available N, available P, available K was 1.36%, 0.091%, 41.0 mg/kg, 13.4 mg/kg, 140 mg/kg, respectively. Fertilization had an obvious stimulation effect in low fertility block, the best ratio of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium fertilizer was 10： 7： 9. The suitable index of organic fertilizer, N, P205 and K20 were 60000 kg/hm2, 450 kg/hm2, 315 kg/hm^2 and 405 kg/hm2 under target yield of 15000 kg/hm2, organic fertilizer and 60% percent chemical fertilizer should be applied at shoot harvesting, and the rest 40% chemical fertilizer should be used as additional fertilizer one month later.