不同颜色蝴蝶兰花瓣表皮细胞形态差异比较

Comparing the Petal Microstructure of Different Color Phalaenopsis

为探究不同颜色蝴蝶兰花瓣表皮细胞形态的差异性,采用扫描电子显微镜分别对8个不同颜色的纯色蝴蝶兰品种的花瓣中心部位(2个白色蝴蝶兰品种,3个黄绿色蝴蝶兰品种和3个紫红色蝴蝶兰品种)和4个有斑的蝴蝶兰品种(2个白底红斑的蝴蝶兰品种和2个黄底红斑的蝴蝶兰品种)的底色部位、斑色部位及底色与斑色相交部位分别进行观察对比,同时采用鲜切片浸泡在0.25%PEG溶液中观察有斑样品斑纹交界处的纵切面表皮细胞形状变化。结果发现,除2个白色品种的表皮细胞为乳突状外,其他品种的表皮细胞均为穹顶状。另外发现部分样品花瓣表皮存在少量气孔。结果表明,相同颜色不同品种的蝴蝶兰花瓣表皮细胞形状可能不同,但同一片花瓣不同颜色区域的表皮细胞结构则是相同的,说明花瓣颜色并不是影响蝴蝶兰花瓣表皮细胞形状的决定因素。以上不同颜色蝴蝶兰花瓣显微结构的观察比较,将对蝴蝶兰花色研究提供一定的参考。

This study designed to explore the relationship between flower color and petal epidermal cells shapein Phalaenopsis. Scanning electron microscopy（SEM） was used to explore the petal microstructure differencesof Phalaenopsis. According to the Royal Horticultural Society Color Chart（RHSCC）, flower color of 8 evenlycolored flowers was grouped into four classes： white, green-yellow, purple and purple-violet. In this research,evenly colored flowers, including two white samples, three green-yellow samples, two purple-violet samplesand one purple sample, four purple-blotched flowers with white ground color and yellow ground color werestudied using SEM, respectively. Three different parts, including yellow or white ground color parts, purpleblotch parts and the junction of the ground color and the over color, in the blotched flowers were observed. Inaddition, transverse section from the middle of the petal of the junction of the ground color and the over color ineach spotted flowers were taken using a sharp razor blade, soaked in 0.25% PEG solution which had anosmotic potential close to that of petal cells, and examined using a Zeiss microscope. The two white flowers hadsmall amount of pores in the petal epidermis of some samples. The epidermal cell shape of the same color fromdifferent varieties of Phalaenopsis petals may be different（papillate or dome）, but the cell shape in differentcolor regions of the same petal is the same. These findings prove that flower color, no matter ground color orover color, is not the determinant factor of the petal epidermal cell shape in Phalaenopsis. The abovecomparison study of different color Phalaenopsis will provide some reference for the future research about colorin Phalaenopsis.