长期施入不同量有机肥对农田黑土土壤养分、产量的影响

Effect of Long-term Application of Different Amounts of Organic Fertilizer on Black Soil Nutrients and Yield

为了阐明不同量有机肥施入对东北黑土区不同侵蚀深度农田黑土作物产量及土壤养分的影响,笔者以5个侵蚀深度0、5、10、20、30 cm农田黑土为研究对象,对比研究长期施用化肥、化肥配施不同量有机肥对农田侵蚀黑土土壤碳、氮、磷及作物产量的影响。结果表明:与单施化肥相比,化肥配施中量有机肥、化肥配施高量有机肥对0、5、10、20、30 cm 5个侵蚀深度农田黑土作物产量有明显的增产及提高土壤C、N、P养分的作用,化肥配施高量有机肥处理显著高于其他2个处理(P<0.05),其中,侵蚀深度0、5 cm土壤增加的幅度最大,侵蚀深度20 cm土壤增加的幅度最小。所有施肥处理土壤C、N、P养分含量均表现出随土壤侵蚀深度的增加而降低的趋势。

To study the effect of long-term application of organic fertilizer on yield in different erosion depths black soil and soil nutrients, the effect of long-term application of chemical fertilizer and combined application of chemical fertilizer with different amounts of organic fertilizer on soil carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and yield were studied with different erosion depths （0, 5, 10, 20 and 30 cm）. The results showed that compared with chemical fertilizer treatment, chemical fertilizers combined with medium and high amounts of organic fertilizer could obviously increase crop yield and soil C, N and P, and the effect of chemical fertilizer combined with high amounts of organic fertilizer was significantly higher than that of other treatments （P〈0.05）, the increasing amounts in erosion depth of 0 and 5 cm were the highest, and it was the lowest in depth of 20 cm. Soil C, N and P contents all decreased with the increasing erosion depth.