重症社区获得性肺炎流行病学变迁的分析

Change of epidemiology of severe community-acquired pneumonia

社区获得性肺炎是患者因感染而入院的主要病因;本文回顾分析了近几年对于社区获得性肺炎的国内外相关文献,表明社区获得性肺炎的主要病原体趋于以病毒为主,对有高危因素且APACHE II分数高,同时需要机械通气;尿量、红细胞压积、PH值下降;两肺明显渗出影的重症社区获得性肺炎患者多提示预后不良,通过早期及时的规范集束化治疗策略能够更快地达到临床稳定期并因此缩短住院时间,降低病死率。

OBJECTIVECommunity-acquired pneumonia is the leading cause of hospitalization of patients with infection.This paper reviewed the literatures in relating to the community-acquired pneumonia that were published both at home and abroad in recent years and revealed that virus tended to be the main pathogen causing the communityacquired pneumonia;mechanical ventilation was necessary for patients who had high-risk factors and high APACHE II score.The urine volume,hematocrit,and pH value were decreased;For the patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia,obvious exudation of two lungs indicated the poor prognosis.The early and timely standardized cluster treatment may shorten the time interval to reach clinical stable stage more rapidly and thus shorten the length of hospital stay and reduce the mortality rate.