肺隐球菌病临床诊治进展

Progress of clinical diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary cryptococcosis

肺隐球菌病是一种吸入隐球菌孢子而引起的肺急性、亚急性或慢性真菌病,易播散至中枢神经系统而导致隐球菌性脑膜脑炎,病死率和致残率高,近年研究显示,肺隐球菌病的发病率呈增长趋势,而肺隐球菌病的临床和影像学表现缺乏特异性,临床容易导致误诊漏诊,本文就肺隐球菌病的流行病学、临床表现、影像学表现、诊断和治疗作一简要综述,以提高临床医生对诊断和治疗的重视。

OBJECTIVE Pulmonary cryptococcosis is a kind of acute,subacute,or chronic fungal infection caused by the inhalation of cryptococcus spores,which is easy to disseminate to the central nervous system to cause cryptococcal meningoencephalitis.The disease leads to a high mortality and morbidity.Recent study data showed that the incidence of pulmonary cryptococcosis kept an upward trend.Pulmonary cryptococcosis is likely to be readily delayed in diagnosis or misdiagnosed owing to lack of specificity of clinical symptoms and imaging manifestation.The aim of this article is to review the epidemiological,clinical,and radiological characteristics as well as diagnosis and treatment of the pulmonary cryptococcosis so as to boost the clinicians＇ awareness of diagnosis and treatment of the disease.