明代的中日勘合贸易与倭寇

China-Japan Kan-He Trade and Japanese Pirates in the Ming Dynasty

明代中日勘合贸易的兴始和断绝 ,都与倭寇问题相关联。永乐年间 ,明廷希国以勘合贸易换取日本政府对倭寇的抑制 ,然而 ,由于日本政局的变化 ,出现了事与愿违的结果 ,并导致了勘合贸易的断绝。宣德八年以后 ,以消弭倭寇为切入点 ,中日勘合贸易再度恢复 ,由于在勘合贸易中日本实际上占据着主动地位 ,使勘合贸易成为明朝沉重的包袱 。

The commencement and discontinuity of the China Japan Kan-He Trade in the Min Dynasty are all related with Japanese pirates.During the YONGLE period,Kan He trade method was adopted with a view to getting support from Japanese government to restrain Japanese pirates.Due to the political changes in Japan,the kind of trade method ended up with no good results,which caused the first breaking off of the Kan He trade.In order to completely destroy Japanese pirates,China Japan Kan He trade was restored from the eighth year of the XUANDE period.In respect that Japan was in the superior position in the Kan He trade,which made a heavy burden on the Ming Dynasty,together with the problems of Japanese pirates,Kan He trade was cut off again during the JIAJING period.