支气管镜新技术对肺癌的临床诊断研究进展

New technology of bronchoscopy for clinical diagnosis of lung cancer

近年来先进的支气管镜技术在肺癌的诊断方面取得了突飞猛进的进展.支气管镜成像技术的方便快捷使其在临床上的应用越来越广.支气管镜技术的快速发展主要基于电子技术的进步,且越来越趋于小型化.如近年来逐渐应用于临床的自荧光成像、窄谱成像技术已并入支气管镜系统中应用于中央型肺癌的早期诊断.而新兴的光学显微成像技术如光学相干断层扫描、共聚焦激光显微内镜、细胞内镜的兴起有望在细胞学和组织学层面上观察肺部病变.另有超声支气管镜、导航支气管镜的应用为周围型肺癌的诊断找到了方向.这些支气管镜新技术为医务工作者提供了诊断肺癌的新思路.

In recent years,advanced bronchoscopy technology has made rapid progress in the diagnosis of lung cancer.Because of its convenience and efficiency,the bronchoscope imaging technology is more and more widely utilized in clinic.The rapid development of bronchoscope technology is mainly based on the progress of electronic technology,and getting more and more miniaturized.New tools,such as autofluorescence imagining and narrow band imaging,have found their place in respiratory endoscopy and are applied in the early diagnosis of central lung cancer.The emerging optical microscopic imaging techniques,such as optical coherence tomography,confocal laser endomicroscopy and endocytoscopy,are expected to be able to detect lung lesions at the cytological and histological level.The application of ultrasound bronchoscopy and navigational bronchoscopy offers the direction for the diagnosis of peripheral lung cancer.These new technologies provide new ideas for medical workers to diagnose lung cancer.