聚众哄抢财物与聚众“打砸抢”的刑法教义学

Criminal law Dogmatic about Organizing Robbery and Riots

聚众哄抢财物行为通常成立聚众哄抢罪;哄抢使用中厂房的物资设备的,是聚众哄抢罪与破坏生产经营罪的想象竞合犯,以聚众哄抢罪定罪处罚;聚众是与哄抢并列的行为或者是哄抢行为的方式或状态,说明了聚众哄抢罪的必要共同犯罪特征;成立聚众哄抢罪未必要有首要分子组织、策划或纠集;聚众哄抢罪的对象是他人占有的动产或者不动产中可以分离的部分;哄抢的本质是公然抢夺或盗窃;不符合聚众哄抢罪的哄抢财物行为可认定为抢夺罪或盗窃罪;聚众哄抢罪与抢夺罪、盗窃罪的共犯有差异;哄抢人采取对人暴力或胁迫等方式,压制被害人反抗而哄抢财物的成立抢劫罪,聚众哄抢罪可以成立事后抢劫;聚众"打砸抢"是聚众实施某些寻衅滋事行为的特别规定;"致人伤残、死亡"应限制解释为聚众"打砸"人所致;"毁坏或者抢走公私财物"是抢劫罪的法律拟制,首要分子以外的人成立寻衅滋事罪(或与敲诈勒索罪、聚众哄抢罪、故意毁坏财物罪等的想象竞合犯)。

Organizing a mob to plunder property usually constitutes organized robbery crime. Open plunder the commodities and equipments in use of workshop constitutes imaginative jointer of offenses be- tween organized robbery crime and sabotage production or business operations crime, thus should be sen- tenced as organized robbery crime. Mass is either the coordinate act with open plunder or its style or condi- tion and form the necessary characteristics of this crime, and the ringleader＇ s organizing, planning or gath- ering is unnecessary in constitution. The object of the crime is personal estate or the section could be sepa- rated from people＇ s real estate. The essence of organized robbery is open loot or steal. The act of open plunder that doesn＇ t constitute organized robbery crime could be sentenced as crime of seizing by force ortheft crime. Organized Open plunder by force, robbery crime is different from threat or any other manner on accomplice of crime of seizing by force or theft crime. victim to the extent of repression constitutes robbery, and there is possibility for gathering for open plunder to constitute the transferred robbery. Riot is the spe- cial regulation for some acts of gathering to create disturbance. Causing deformity or death should be restric- tively interpreted as the person of gathering for beating and smashing. Destroy or forcibly take public or pri- vate property is legal fiction of robbery crime. Persons except the ringleader should be sentenced as affray （ or as imaginativ al destruction or e jointer of offenses among extortion crime, organized robbery crime and crime of intention- damage of properties and so on）.