蒙古蒲公英休眠特性研究

Research on the Dormancy Characteristic of Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.

蒙古蒲公英为我国药典和兽药典收录的基源植物,在我国广泛分布。实验发现,蒙古蒲公英存在休眠现象,本实验通过形态解剖、激素处理(IBA、NAA、6-BA、GA)来研究蒙古蒲公英休眠的原因以及打破休眠的方法,为提高蒙古蒲公英的发芽率提供可行依据。结果表明:室温条件培养1个月,蒙古蒲公英种子发芽率为1%左右;破种皮种子只有吸胀而无萌发;形态解剖发现蒙古蒲公英种子有形态后熟,1个月即可完成形态后熟;不同激素、不同浓度以及不同浸种时间对蒙古蒲公英的发芽率有不同影响,其中6-BA浓度50mg/L浸种9d的处理效果最好,萌发率高达54%,但从种子萌发以及幼苗质量综合考虑,建议200mg/L GA处理12d,效果最好。综上所述,蒙古蒲公英休眠主要由形态后熟以及生理休眠所导致,激素处理可以有效打破其休眠。

T.mongolicum,which is widely distributed in our country,was origin plants which included in Chinese Pharmacopoeia and Chinese Pharmacopoeia.we found that the T.mongolicum had dormant phenomenon,in order to improve the germination rate of taraxacum mongolicum,we research the dormancy mechanism and break dormancy by the methods of morphological anatomy、hormone treatment（IBA、NAA、6-BA、GA）.The results showed that Mongolian dandelion germination rate was only about 1%in a month at the room temperature training;The germination percentage of seeds with seed coats broken was zero;Mongolia dandelion seeds had morphological post-maturation by morphological anatomy,after a month can be completed morphological post-maturation;different hormones type,concentrations and soaking time had different effect on germination rate of T.mongolicum,which the concentration of 50mg/L 6-BA pretreatment and 9days soaking of treatment had the highest germination rate,which the germination rate was up to 54%.But in the seed germination and comprehensive consideration,take into account seed germination and seedling quality,200mg/L GA with 12 days soaking was the best pretreatment.In summary,Mongolian dandelion dormancy mainly by morphological post-maturation and physiological dormancy,hormone treatment can be effective in breaking dormancy.