桑椹的生理活性成分、提取检测及药理作用研究进展

Review of physiological active components,extraction and detection methods and pharmacological bioactivities of mulberry

查阅桑葚(桑科植物果实)研究报道,从桑葚的生理活性成分、提取、检测、药理作用等几个方面综述其最新研究进展,为进一步深入研究提供思路。桑葚是药食同源品种之一,具有滋阴补血及生津润燥的功效,含有酚类化合物、生物碱化合物、多糖化合物、桑葚香味物质和氨基酸等多种类型化学成分,并表现出预防老年痴呆、解酒作用、抑菌作用、治疗皮肤色素沉淀性疾病、免疫、抗氧化、抗衰老、降糖降脂等方面的药理作用。同时,本文对其质量控制的分析方法,如高效液相色谱、分光光度法、超声波法、微波法、超临界流体萃取法等,在桑葚生理活性成分检测提取中的运用进行综述,为桑葚的开发利用和安全监测提供参考。

The latest studies on physiological active components,extraction and detection methods and pharmacological bioactivities of mulberry（fruit of genus Morus）are summarized according to the previous reports,which provides the idea for further studies. Mulberry has both edible and medical values and it shows the bioactivities of nourishing Yin,replenishing blood,promoting body fluid and moistening dryness. Polyphenols,alkaloids,polysaccharides,aroma compounds and amino acids contained in mulberry exhibit the pharmacological effects on prevention of senile dementia,hangover effect,anti-bacterial effect,treatment of skin pigmentation disease,immunity improvement,anti-oxidation,anti-aging,sugar and lipid lowering. In addition,the application of quality control methods,namely high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）,spectrophotometry,ultrasonic,microwave and supercritical fluid extraction（SFE）methods for the extraction and detection of physiological active components of mulberry are summarized to provide the basis for the development and utilization of mulberry and its safety monitoring.