毒性中药蟾酥质量研究现状及关键影响因素分析

Advance on quality control of toad venom and its key influence factors

蟾酥来源于蟾蜍科动物中华大蟾蜍Bufo bufo gargarizans或黑眶蟾蜍B.melanostictus的干燥分泌物,是我国传统名贵动物药品种,也是国务院颁布的需要特殊管理的28种毒麻中药品种之一。蟾酥富含蟾蜍甾和吲哚生物碱类成分,具有强心、抗肿瘤、镇痛、局麻等多种药理活性。该文从混伪品鉴别、质量控制方法等方面系统归纳了蟾酥质量研究现状,分析了影响质量的关键因素(基原品种、产地、初加工、炮制等)及存在问题,为完善蟾酥及其制剂的质量标准,提升质量控制水平,确保临床安全用药提供参考。

Toad venom （Chansu） is prepared from the dried secretion of Bufo bufo gargarizans or B. melanostictus. It is not only one of the famous and expensive traditional Chinese medicines（TCMs） from animal origin, but also one of 28 kinds of toxic TCMs to be required for special management issued by the State Council of the People＇s Republic of China. Chansu contains the rich bufadienolides and indole alkaloids, and displays various bioactivity including cardiotonic, anti-tumor, analgesia, and local anesthesia. Based on the published references in the recent years, the advance on the identification of adulterants and quality evaluation as well as the influence factors on the quality of toad venom was summarized to improve the quality standards and promote the level of quality control of toad venom and its preparations.