超疏水聚酯滤布的性能及其在油水分离中的应用

Performance of superhydrophobic polyester filter cloth and its application in oil/water separation

为改善纳米二氧化硅的分散性,提升其与聚酯滤布的结合力,采用巯丙基三甲氧硅烷对纳米二氧化硅进行表面修饰,并通过浸渍-涂覆的方法将修饰后的二氧化硅负载在聚酯滤布表面,得到超疏水滤布。通过场发射扫描电镜、光电子能谱仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪及特征X射线能谱仪等对滤布进行了微观形貌、结构、元素及价态等方面的分析。结果表明:滤布表面均匀负载的低表面能硅树脂及其在滤布表面构建的微纳米多级凸起结构赋予滤布超疏水性,接触角高达156°;该滤布耐溶剂性能优良,在不同有机溶剂中浸泡72 h后,接触角仅下降1°~4°,滤布兼具高强度、超疏水/超亲油的特性。

In order to increase the dispersion of nanoparticles and the bonding force between the inorganic nanoparticles and polyester filter cloth, nano-sized SiO2 was modified by 3-mereaptopropyl trimethoxysilane. The superhydrophobic polyester filter cloth were fabricated by immersing filter cloth in a solution containing modified SiO2. The morphology and microstructure, chemical structures and element composition of the filter cloth were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. After coating, the surface of the fabrics is wrapped by compact silicone resin of low surface free enery and shows rough micro/nano structure, which endows the fabrics with superhydrophobicity, so the water contact angle of the coated fabrics is even up to 156°. The superhydrophobicity of fabrics is durable in solvents. When the fabrics immersed in organic solvents for over 72 h, the water contact angle only reduced by 1° -4°. The high strength and the superhydrophobicity/superoleophilicity make the fabrics showing promising prosperity in oil-water separation.