检察机关提起民事公益诉讼试点情况实证研究

Empirical Research on the Pilot of Civil Public interest litigation Proposed by the Procuratorate

检察机关提起民事公益诉讼试点的目的,是在现有民事公益诉讼制度框架下,验证检察机关作为起诉主体的必要性和可行性,为修法奠定实践基础。截至2016年底,检察机关提起民事公益诉讼试点已有一年半时间,各试点地区检察机关共办理民事公益诉讼案件879件,其中诉前程序案件120件,提起民事公益诉讼57件,行政公益附带民事公益诉讼1件。试点一年后,办案数量呈爆发式增长,起诉案件类型和办理案件数量分布出现均衡化发展的势头。试点基本验证了《实施办法》中关于线索来源、线索移送、立案程序、调查核实、举证责任和诉前程序等规定的可行性。此外,统计数据和个案剖析也显示,检察机关提起民事公益诉讼相对于其他主体在调查取证、整合各方资源和抑制滥诉方面确实更具优势。对于试点暴露出的问题应理性对待,妥善解决。

The pilot for the civil public interest litigation proposed by theprocuratorate(hereinafter referred as'pilot')is aimed to verify the necessity and feasibility of the procuratorate serving as the plaintiff of the civil public interest litigation and to lay a solid practical foundation for law modification.By the end of 2016,the pilot has been implemented for one and half year.The procuratorate of all pilots altogether handled 879 cases.After one-year implementation of the pilot,the cases handled increases and both the type and the quantity of the cases are distributed in a balanced manner.The pilot implementation basically verifies the feasibility of the regulations in the'Rules for Implementation'on clue source and conveying,procedure of putting on record,investigation and check,burden of proof and pre-trial procedure.Furthermore,the statistical data analysis of single cases indicates that the civil public interest litigation proposed by procuratorate is more advantageous in terms of investigation,evidence collection,integration of resources and inhibition of lawsuit abuse.The problems found in pilot should be treated rationally and resolved properly.