人身危险性导入罪量要素之检讨

Discussion on Introducing Personal Danger into the Quantitative Factors of Conviction

经济犯罪中以"数额+情节"的定罪模式,虽然克服了入罪标准僵化的缺点,但是人身危险性也夹杂在情节中进入罪量要素。在贪污贿赂犯罪、盗窃罪、逃税罪等40多个犯罪中,将罪前受过的行政、刑事处罚及罪后悔罪表现等体现人身危险性因素,作为数额折抵因素计入罪量,以达到刑罚可罚程度。然而,罪量体现法益的侵害程度,具有客观性,所以,在定罪功能上,罪量要素应无人身危险性栖身之地。人身危险性侵入罪量要素,表现出明显的社会防卫思想,混淆了定罪情节与量刑情节,混淆了刑法对象是行为而非行为人,造成了重复评价,最终不适当的扩大了犯罪圈,侵犯了行为人的合法权益。人身危险性只有外化为客观情节时,方可进入罪量要素。

The conviction model of'amount+plot'in economic crimes have mixed the personal danger factor into the conviction factor.In charges such as corruption and bribery,theft,and tax evasion,the suffered administrative and criminal penalties are considered as personal danger factor and calculated into crime amount to reach the conviction standard.However,the crime amount is a factor that presents the violation degree of the crime and should be an objective existence.Introducing personal danger into the quantitative factor of conviction shows the excessive society defense thought and mixes up the convicting circumstances and the sentencing circumstances,causing the repetitive evaluation.Only when the personal danger factor is externalized into the objective circumstance can it be lead into the quantitative factors of conviction.