浅谈区域划分与环境调查对沉船考古工作的重要性

The Importance of the Area Division and Environmental Investigation in Wreck Archeology

沉船考古是一项极为复杂的系统性工作,水下环境复杂、文物打捞操作困难、海洋人文资料缺失等因素制约我国水下文化遗产保护工作。沉船考古工作不仅要对沉船本身及所载器物进行考古发掘,还要结合陆域考古学、海洋学划分重点沉船区域进行系统性发掘研究,对沉船本身及所载器物所处的海底环境和受腐蚀状况进行详细调查和研究,为文物修复和保护工作提供支撑。

Shipwreck archeology is an extremely complicated systematic work.Harsh conditions of the undersea environment,difficult salvage operation,lack of ocean humanities information and other factors seriously affected the protection of China＇s rich coastal undersea heritage.Not only the wreck itself and the objects contained in it,but also systematic wreck area division with land archeology and oceanography in the important wreck area should be researched.In addition,detailed investigation of the undersea environment and corroded condition about the wreck itself and the objects contained could provide support for the restoration and protection of undersea heritage.