比较研究固态发酵菜籽粕和菜籽粕对生长肉兔的营养价值

Comparison of Nutritional Value between Rapeseed Meal and Solid-State Fermented Rapeseed Meal for Growing Rabbits

本研究旨在通过消化试验比较固态发酵菜籽粕(SFRSM)与菜籽粕(RSM)在生长肉兔上的营养价值,为家兔饲料原料数据库提供基础数据。在测定SFRSM和RSM化学组成的基础上,将36只42日龄、遗传背景相同的健康法国伊拉商品兔按体重相近原则随机分为3组(每组12只),饲养于粪尿可分开的代谢笼中,每笼1只,分别饲喂1种基础饲粮和2种试验饲粮(85%基础饲粮+15%SFRSM或RSM),进行体内消化试验。试验期11 d(预试期7 d,收集期4 d)。结果显示:1)与RSM相比,SFRSM的粗纤维(CF)、无氮浸出物(NFE)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和异硫氰酸酯(ITC)含量极显著降低(P<0.01),其他常规营养成分[除中性洗涤纤维(NDF)外]和小肽含量显著或极显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01);各氨基酸含量不同程度提高,其中精氨酸(Arg)、天冬氨酸(Asp)、谷氨酸(Glu)、组氨酸(His)、异亮氨酸(Ile)、苯丙氨酸(Phe)、脯氨酸(Pro)和丝氨酸(Ser)含量达极显著水平(P<0.01)。2)与RSM相比,SFRSM的消化能(DE)值(14.97 MJ/kg DM)提高了34.3%(P<0.01);总能(GE)、粗蛋白质(CP)、ADF、NDF、钙(Ca)和总磷(TP)全肠表观消化率也有所提高(P>0.05);各氨基酸全肠表观消化率不同程度提高,其中Asp、半胱氨酸(Cys)、甘氨酸(Gly)、Ile、酪氨酸(Tyr)和缬氨酸(Val)全肠表观消化率达显著或极显著水平(P<0.05或P<0.01)。总体而言,SFRSM对生长肉兔的营养价值高于RSM。

The aim of current study was to compare the nutritional value of solid-state fermented rapeseed meal （SFRSM） and rapeseed meal （RSM） for growing rabbits by digestion trial, and provide the basic information for feedstuff database of rabbits. Based on measuring chemical composition of SFRSM and RSM, a total of 36 healthy growing French IRA rabbits with the age of 42 days and similar genetic background, were allocated randomly into 3 groups （12 rabbits per group） based on their body weight. Rabbits in the groups were fed one basal diet and two experimental diets （85% basal diet plus 15% RSM or SFRSM）, respectively. The rabbits were fed in the metabolic cage to complete in vivo digestion trial, and 1 rabbit per cage. The trial lasted for 11 days, with the first 7 days as the adaptation period and followed by 4 days as the collection period. The results showed as follows： 1 ） compared with RSM, the contents of crude fiber （CF）, nitrogen free extract （NFE）, acid detergent fiber （ADF） and isothiocyanate （ITC） of SFRSM were significantly decreased （ P〈0.01 ）, and small peptides were significantly increased （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01 ）. The contents of amino acids of SFRSM were higher than those in RSM, with the contents of arginine, aspartate, glutamic acid, histidine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, proline and serine reached the significant level （P 〈 0. 01 ）. 2 ） Digestible energy value of SFRSM （ 14.97 MJ/kg DM） was 34.3% higher than that of RSM （P〈0.01）. Compared with RSM, the apparent total tract digestibility of gross energy （ GE）, crude protein （ CP）, ADF, NDF, calcium （Ca） and total phosphor- us （TP） of SFRSM showed a trend of improvement （P〉0.05） ; the apparent total tract digestibility of amino acids of SFRSM was comprehensively increased, with the apparent total tract digestibility of aspartate, cyste- ine, glycine, isoleucine, tyrosine and valine reached the significant level （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. The results in- dicate that the nutritional value of SFRSM is generally higher than that of RSM for growing rabbits.