螺旋藻对仔猪生长性能、免疫性能及粪便菌群的影响

Effects of Spirulina on Growth Performance,Immune Function and Fecal Flora of Piglets

为开拓螺旋藻饲料资源,本试验研究了螺旋藻单独及其与含有枯草芽孢杆菌和乳酸菌的益生菌联用对仔猪生长性能、免疫性能以及粪便菌群的影响。按2×2析因试验设计,将80头平均体重为(8.85±0.20)kg、口蹄疫(FMD)母源抗体为阴性的断奶仔猪随机均分为对照组、螺旋藻组(添加0.5%的螺旋藻)、益生菌组(添加0.5 kg/t的益生菌)以及藻菌组(添加0.5%的螺旋藻与0.5 kg/t的益生菌),每组5个重复,每个重复4头猪,饲粮以粉料形式饲喂。试验期28 d。第8日免疫猪O型及A型FMD疫苗,第7日及第28日采集血清及新鲜粪便。结果显示:1)螺旋藻显著提高了仔猪平均日增重(P<0.05),显著降低了料重比(P<0.05)。2)第7日和第28日螺旋藻对O型和A型FMD抗体滴度皆无显著影响(P>0.05)。3)第28日螺旋藻极显著提高了仔猪血清免疫球蛋白G(Ig G)、免疫球蛋白M(Ig M)及补体3含量(P<0.01),对血清补体4含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。4)第7日和第28日螺旋藻对仔猪粪便中乳酸菌、大肠杆菌数量无显著影响(P>0.05)。除第28日Ig G、Ig M和补体3含量外,螺旋藻与益生菌无互作(P>0.05)。结果表明,FMD疫苗免疫期间饲粮中添加0.5%的螺旋藻可以促进仔猪的生长,与益生菌配伍能够提高仔猪的体液免疫性能。

The effects of Spirulina alone or combined with probiotics （Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacilli） on growth performance, immune function and fecal flora of piglets were investigated as means to explore Spirulina feed resource. According to a 2 x 2 factorial design, eighty weaning piglets with the average body weight of （8.85±0.20） kg and negative foot-and-mouth disease （FMD） maternal antibody were assigned to control group, Spirulina group （plus 0.5% Spirulina）, probiotics group （plus 0.5 kg/t probiotics） and Spirulina pro- biotics group （plus 0.5% Spirulina and 0.5 kg/t probiotics） randomly. Each group included 5 pens with 4 pigs in each pen. Piglets were fed powder feed and the whole test lasted for 28 days. On the 8th day, all piglets were vaccinated with O-type and A-type FMD vaccine, and on the 7th and 28th days, serum and fresh feces were collected. The results showed as follows： 1 ） Spirulina significantly increased average daily gain and de- creased the ratio of feed to gain of piglets （P〈0.05）. 2） On the 7th and 28th days, Spirulina did not influence O-type and A-type FMD antibody titers （P〉0.05）. 3） On the 28th day, Spirulina extremely significantly in- creased the serum contents of immunoglobulin （Ig） G, IgM and complement 3 （C3） （ P〈0.01 ）, and did not affect the serum complement 4 content （P〉0.05） of piglets. 4） On the 7th and 28th days, Spirulina did not af- fect Lactobacilli and E. coli amounts in feces （P〉0.05）. Interactions about serum IgG, IgM and C3 contents between the Spirulina and probiotics were significant on the 28th day （P〈0.05）, and the others were not （P〉 0.05）. It is concluded that additional 0.5% Spirulina in the diet can promote growth and synergistically im- prove the humoral immune function combined with probiotics during the FMD vaccination of piglets.