存款保险制度合理性及相关问题探析——以利率市场化为背景

Analysis on the Rationality of Deposit Insurance System and Related Problems On the Background of Interest Rate Marketization

2015年3月，国务院发布《存款保险条例》，标志着我国正式建立存款保险制度。基于利率市场化后的风险远远大于未放开利率上限时的风险，隐性存款保险模式不可能抵御利率市场化后风险的冲击，迫切需要存款保险制度提供显性化、法治化的担保。存款保险制度有利于实现由国家信用向银行信用的转变、分散退出风险及问题银行处置、培育理性投资者，并促进银行市场化退出机制的形成。存款保险制度仍然停留在纸面上，相关制度缺乏具体可操作的规范。上海自贸区作为金融改革的先行者，应当试行存款保险制度的相关实施细则，以此形成可复制的经验向全国推广，进一步深化金融改革。

In March 2015 ,the state council promulgated ＂byelaw of deposit insurance＂ ,it marks the establish- ment of deposit insurance system in China. Due to the interest rate risk after the marketization is far greater than it not lifts the ceiling on deposit interest rates then, the implicit deposit insurance mode could not resist risk impact af- ter interest rate marketization, we urgently need the deposit insurance system offer an obviously and legalization guarantee. Deposit insurance system is beneficial to realize the transition from the national credit to the hank credit, spread out the risk and disposal the problem bank, cultivate rational investors, and promote the formation of the bank marketization withdrawal mechanism. The deposit insurance system still stays in the paper;the related systems are lack of specific operational norms. As the pioneer of financial reform, Shanghai free trade zone should try out the rel- evant detailed rules for the implementation of the deposit insurance system; summarize problem; form a replicable exneriences and spread it to national wide：and further deepen the financial reform.