射何以成道——游戏文化机制的符号学研究

How Archery Became a Tao-Semiotic Study on Game Culture Mechanism

在"射箭"这一领域内,存在着彼此独立但又具有密切关联的5个范畴:(1)作为狩猎工具或战争武器的弓箭;(2)以狩猎或战争攻击为目的的射箭行为;(3)作为游戏或体育竞技的射箭比赛;(4)作为礼乐教化载体的射礼;(5)作为衍生娱乐活动的投壶等。而问题恰恰在于,在既往的有关射箭活动的研究中,这五个范畴并没有被明确地区分开来,其复杂的意义向度总是被通而观之,统而论之,缺乏条分缕析的论证和分析。射箭活动拥有丰富形态的原因在于其复杂的符号组织形式,而对其符号-意义组织形式的窥测本身,也正是通达游戏-体育文化机制研究的必经之路。或者说,游戏文化机制的符号学研究,即是解答"射何以成道"的关键。

The word ＂Archery＂ has five independent but interrelated definitions ： （ 1 ） a hunting tool or a weapon for war; （2） a shooting behavior for hunting or for attack in war; （3） a game or archery in sports competition; （4） the carrier of traditional etiquette education; （5） derivative recreational activities, such as Touhu （ a traditional Chinese entertainment activity during feast in ancient times）. In previous studies on archery, the five definitions have long been interwoven and difficult to be differentiated. The reason why archery has rich forms lies in its complex symbolic organizational pattern. Therefore, study on its symbol - meaning organizational pat- tern is the necessary path to the study of game - sport cultural mechanism. Or more appropriately, the semiotic study of game culture mechanism is the key to answer the question ＂how archery became a Tao＂.