基于顾客分类和需求相关的特价商品EOQ模型构建

特价商品的顾客分类有其特殊性,对销售商经营决策和收益有着很大的影响。本文根据特价商品顾客等待意愿的不同,将顾客分为价格偏好者、时间偏好者和综合偏好者三大类,建立了顾客分类和需求相关的经济订货批量模型,采用仿真计算研究了系统主要参数对销售商定价和订货策略以及平均利润的影响。研究结果表明:当高收入顾客人数比例不变,低收入顾客人数比例增大时,销售商应降低特价商品价格,增加有现货和缺货时间;当低收入顾客人数比例不变,高收入顾客人数比例增大时,销售商应降低特价商品价格,减少有现货和缺货时间;当特价商品或相关商品需求率增大时,销售商应提高特价商品价格,减少有现货和缺货时间。

The classification of off-price merchandise customers is special, which has a great influence on the management decision- making and profit. Considering the different waiting wills of customers, customers are divided into price preference group, time preference group and price-time integrated preference group. A corresponding economic order quantity model is gen- erated, and the effect of the main parameters on pricing, ordering strategies and average profit are analyzed by the simula- tion calculation. It shows that the pricing of off-price merchandise should be lower, and instock and stockout time should be extended appropriately when the proportion of high-income customers is constant and the proportion of low-income customers is larger; the pricing of off-price merchandise should be lower and instock and stockout time should be short- ened appropriately when the proportion of low-income customers is constant and the proportion of high-income customers is greater; the pricing of off-price merchandise should be higher, and instock and stockout time should be shortened ap- propriately when the off-price merchandise demand rate or the related merchandise demand rate is greater.