非正规就业者的境况得到改善了么?——来自1997—2011年CHNS数据的证据

Has the Situation of Informal Workers Improved?:Evidence of CHNS Data from 1997—2011

为研究国有企业改革以来我国城镇非正规就业者的境遇变化,本文利用1997—2011年CHNS数据库,采用倾向得分匹配(PSM)方法,对城镇非正规就业者和正规就业者收入差距进行实证研究。结果发现,城镇非正规就业者与正规就业者收入存在显著差异,且呈现不断扩大的趋势,尤其是有雇工的非正规雇佣者、无雇工的非正规自雇者与正规就业者收入差距越来越大,表明我国城镇非正规就业者的生存境遇正不断恶化,劳动力市场向着不利于非正规就业的方向发展。这要求在劳动力市场改革中应充分考虑非正规就业者的生存空间,加大对非正规就业者的扶持力度的同时,注重非正规就业政策的差异性,减少劳动力市场扭曲对非正规就业者的影响。

In order to study the change of the informal employment of urban workers in our country since the reform of state-owned enterprises,this paper makes an empirical study on income gap between urban informal employment and formal employment by using the tendency score matching（ PSM） method from 1997 to 2011 based on CHNS data. The results show that there is significant difference between urban informal employment and regular employment income,and the trend of the difference is increasing. In particular,there is a growing disparity among the informal employed,the non-employed,self-employed and the informal employment, which indicates that the survival situation of urban informal employment is worsening and the labor market is developing in the direction of went against the informal employment. The labor market reform should give full consideration to the living space of informal employment,increase informal employment support,pay attention to the difference of informal employment policy and reduce the impact of labor market distortions on informal employment.