树鼩在人类肝脏疾病动物模型中应用的研究进展

Tree Shrew Models for Human Liver Diseases

肝脏疾病尤其是肝炎及肝癌已成为国内外重要的健康问题。探索有效的防治方法需要构建合适的动物模型。与传统普遍使用的啮齿类动物模型相比,非人灵长类动物树鼩与人类亲缘关系更近,更能反映各种人类疾病的发生、发展和转归,应用潜力巨大。目前国内外利用树鼩初步建立了包括肝细胞癌、各型病毒性肝炎及肝脏代谢性疾病在内的多种人类肝脏疾病模型,但仍存在建模周期长、模型稳定性欠佳、缺乏肝硬化模型等问题,未来有待改进。

Liver diseases,especially viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma,constitute an enormous burden on society worldwide. Establishing an appropriate animal model is an urgent need for exploring efficacious methods of preventing and curing these diseases. Comparing with traditional rodent models,tree shrew,a kind of non-human primate animal,seems to have more closer genetic relationship with humans. Because of these,novel animal models of tree shrews can more precisely reflect the development and progression of various human diseases,and present a great application potential. A variety of human liver disease model including hepatocellular carcinoma,hepatitis and liver metabolic diseases including are preliminarily established using tree shrews at home and abroad,however,there are still problems such as long modeling period,poor model stability and lack of the model of liver cirrhosis,which need further improvement in the future.