建立大鼠急性心肌梗死模型方法的改良

Improvement of establishing myocardial infarction model in rats

目的:改良法建立大鼠心肌梗死的模型,提高造模成功率,减少死亡率。方法:60只清洁级SD大鼠,10%水合氯醛注射液腹腔注射麻醉。颈部小切口切开皮肤,暴露气管后利用导丝逆行牵拉技术进行气管插管。呼吸机辅助呼吸,左侧第4肋间进胸,交叉放置两开睑器充分暴露心脏,结扎冠状动脉左前降支。术毕利用注射器膨肺后关胸。4周后处死存活大鼠,取出大鼠心脏,行病理学检查。结果:术中死亡大鼠2只,术后第1天死亡1只,其余57只大鼠存活。4周后肉眼可见心脏标本梗死区心壁变薄,颜色变浅。镜下可见纤维组织排列紊乱、断裂、增生,炎性细胞浸润。提示57只大鼠建立心肌梗死模型成功,成功率93.3%。结论:利用改良法建立大鼠急性心肌梗死模型,死亡率低,造模成功率高。

Objective： To improve the method of establishing rat myocardial infarction model and reduce the mortality. Method：Sixty Sprague Dawley rats were anaesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of 10% chloral hydrate solution. After skin incision, the trachea Was exposed by blunt dissection. Endotracheal intubation was given with retrograde tracking techonology. Then the rats were ventilated oral intubation using animal ventilator. The thoracotomy was performed between 4th and 5th ribs. Two tractors were placed crosswise on the incision to ex- pose the heart on a best-effort basis. The left anterior descending （LAD） coronary artery was occluded by using 6- 0 polypropylene thread. The chest was closed after diluting lung with 20 ml syringe. Four weeks later, the heart of rat was excised and analyzed pathologically. Result： Two rats died in the process of operation. There was 1 rat died on the first day after surgery. In all, 57 rats survived after 4 weeks post myocardial infarction. Grossly, the infarcted area of left ventricle became thinner and pale. The histological section demonstrated that fibrous tissue arrange disorderly, fractured and infiltrated with inflammatory ceils. Above all described presented that the myocardial infarction model of rat was made successfully, and the success rate was 93.3%. Conclusion：The achievement ratio of establishing myocardial infarction model is high and the mortality of rat with myocardial infarciton is low by modified method.