浅析加拿大图书出版业的文化保护政策

Cultural Protection Policies in the Canadian Book Publishing Industry

介绍加拿大图书出版业的文化保护政策,包括在制度层面与经济层面支持本国图书出版商,维持其生存并参与全球竞争。具体而言,制度层面的扶持政策包括修订《版权法案》、签署《保护和促进文化表现形式多样性公约》以及对于教育产业的制度扶持;经济层面的扶持政策包括联邦政府层面加拿大遗产部的加拿大图书基金、遗产部资助的加拿大图书出口协会的出口营销援助计划和国外版权营销计划,以及加拿大艺术理事会的亏损补助基金和新出版商基金等项目。同时,这些文化保护政策也衍生出一些问题与困境,有待进一步探讨与研究。

This article analyzes the cultural protection policies in the Canadian book publishing industry, including the governmental support both at the institutional level and at the economic level to domestic book publishers for their better performance in surviving and competing in the global market. To specify, the institutional support includes the amendment of The Copyright Act, the signing of The Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions, and the institutional support to the education industry. Meanwhile, the economic support includes the Canada Book Fund from the Department of Canadian Heritage, the Export Marketing Assistance Program and the Foreign Rights Marketing Assistance Program initiated by the Association for the Export of Canadian Books （funded by the Department of Canadian Heritage）, and the Block Grants and the Emerging Publisher Grants organized by the Canada Council for the Arts. This article also focuses on several problems as a result of the aforementioned cultural protection policies, and such problems need to be further examined.