唯物史观视阈中资本主体性的僭越与谵妄

Arrogation and Delirium of Capital Subjectivity in Perspective of Historical Materialism

马克思的资本批判实质上是资本主体性批判。资本主体性是资本权力与形而上学绝对同一性的联合,是现代社会支配一切的经济权力,是人的主体性在现实生活中的幻影,因而是一种虚假的主体性。马克思认为,只有人才有主体性,或者说,主体性是人的主体性,资本主体性是对人的主体性的僭越。资本主体性表现为拜物教式的谵妄。在拜物教的"三位一体"中,资本拜物教是最后的、也是最神秘的形式。因此,瓦解资本主体性,必须从扬弃物化入手,而扬弃物化的根本在于铲除物化产生的私有制基础。只有在扬弃私有制的现实运动中,才能在主体和客体的统一中把握人的总体性,在总体性中实现人的主体性的回归。

Marx＇s capital criticism is essentially a critique of the capital subjectivity which is a combination of the absolute identity of the power of capital and the absolute identity of metaphysics. It is the economic pow- er that governs everything in the modern society and the illusion of human subjectivity in the real life, so capital subjectivity is a kind of false subjectivity. Marx believes that only the human has subjectivity, or that the subjectivity is actually the subjectivity of human capital, and capital subjectivity is the transgression of human subjectivity. Capital subjectivity manifests the fetishism of delirium. In the ＂three--in--one fetish- ism＂, capital fetishism is the last and the most mysterious form. Therefore, in order to disintegrate the cap- ital subjectivity, start with the discard of physical and chemical characteristics, and the fundamental of auf- hebening the physical and chemical production is discarding the basis of private ownership. Only in the actual movement of the private ownership, can we grasp the totality of human in the unity of subject and obiect and achieve the return of human subjectivity in totality.